Choghakhor Wetland, as one of the most important wetland ecosystems in Iran, has undergone severe spatiotemporal changes in recent decades due to climatic fluctuations and anthropogenic pressures. The present study aimed to simultaneously monitor the changes in vegetation cover and water bodies of this wetland and the Soolgan watershed during the period 2016 to 2026. For this purpose, the time series of Landsat 8 and 9 satellite imagery was used, and the NDVI and NDWI indices were calculated after the necessary preprocessing. The results showed that the ecosystem of the region has experienced a distinct sinusoidal pattern; such that the area of bare land decreased from 99.43 km² in 2016 to its minimum value (11.10 km²) in 2022, and then increased again to 12.14 km² in 2026. The NDWI analysis also confirmed a significant inverse relationship between the area of water bodies and dry land, indicating the direct dependence of the wetland's ecological health on the hydrological regime of the Soolgan watershed. The findings suggest that although consecutive wet years led to a temporary restoration of the ecosystem in 2022, the renewed decline of the indices in 2026 indicates the instability of this improvement and the possible role of non-climatic stresses such as dust storms. Finally, the integration of Landsat 8 and 9 imagery with a multi-index approach is introduced as an efficient tool for monitoring wetland dynamics under climate change conditions, and sustainable management of this ecosystem requires the adoption of adaptive strategies based on continuous and integrated watershed monitoring.