In recent years, with significant advances in structural design software and increased knowledge of designers, the occurrence of structural failures in buildings has decreased significantly. However, the challenge of failure of enclosure walls, especially after earthquakes, is still widely observed. The Bam earthquakes in 2003, Sarpol-e-Zahab in 2017, and the Si Sakht earthquake in 2019 are clear examples of widespread failures of enclosure walls, which indicate weaknesses in the design and implementation of these structural elements. These failures are mainly caused by various factors such as inappropriate design, failure to comply with construction standards, use of substandard materials, and lack of attention to the geological characteristics of the region. In this article, the main causes of failure of enclosure walls will be examined and the relevant clauses in the existing guidelines will be analyzed. The clauses related to enclosure walls in national building codes and design standards are of particular importance, especially in the field of earthquake resistance. These clauses help designers to prevent failures by observing engineering principles. Also, this article will examine methods for improving and strengthening enclosure walls and their effect on reducing the vulnerability of structures to earthquakes. Finally, this research can be used as a guide for engineers and designers to improve the quality of construction and reduce the risks of earthquakes in enclosure walls.